关于string::copy()的比较详细的示例

std::basic_string::copy

C++

Strings library

std::basic_string

size_type copy(CharT*dest, size_type count,size_type pos=0);

Copies a substring[pos, pos+count)to character string pointed to bydest. If the requested substring lasts past the end of the string, or ifcount==npos, the copied substring is[pos, size()). The resulting character string is not null-terminated.
Ifpos>=size(),std::out_of_rangeis thrown.

Parameters

destpointer to the destination character string

posposition of the first character to include

countlength of the substring

Return value

number of characters copied

example

1  #include <string>
 2  #include <iostream>
 3  
 4  using namespace std;
 5  
 6  int main ()
 7  {
 8      size_t length;
 9      char buffer[8];
10      string str("Test string......");
11        
12      length=str.copy(buffer,7,6);       //从buffer6,往后数7个,相当于[ buffer[6], buffer[6+7] )
13      buffer[length]='\0';                        //加上'\0'使得buffer就到buffer[length]为止;
14  
15      cout <<"buffer contains: " << buffer <<endl;
16  
17      length=str.copy(buffer,str.size(),6);        //从buffer6,往后数7个,
18                               //相当于[ buffer[6], buffer[6+7] )
19      buffer[length]='\0';                        //使得buffer就到buffer[length]为止;
20      cout <<"buffer contains: " << buffer <<endl;
21  
22      length=str.copy(buffer,7,0);                //相当于[  buffer[0], buffer[7] )
23      buffer[length]='\0';
24  
25      cout << "buffer contains: " << buffer <<endl;
26  
27      length=str.copy(buffer,7);                   //缺省参数pos,默认pos=0;
28                               //相当于[ buffer[0], buffer[7] )
29      buffer[length]='\0';
30      cout << "buffer contains: " << buffer <<endl;
31      length=str.copy(buffer,string::npos,6);      //相当于[ buffer[7], buffer[npos] )  
32                             //buffer越界赋值,没有出错
33      buffer[length]='\0';
34      cout<<string::npos<<endl;                    //string::npos是4294967295
35      cout<<buffer[string::npos]<<endl;            //实际是越界访问,但没有出错,输出空
36      cout<<buffer[length-1]<<endl;                //实际是越界访问,但没有出错,输出了其他字符
37      cout << "buffer contains: " << buffer <<endl;
38      length=str.copy(buffer,string::npos);        //相当于[ buffer[0], buffer[npos] )
39                             //buffer越界赋值,没有出错
40      buffer[length]='\0';
41      cout << "buffer contains: " << buffer <<endl;        //buffer越界
42      cout<<buffer[string::npos]<<endl;                    //越界访问,输出空
43      cout<<buffer[length-1]<<endl;             //越界访问,没有输出str最后一个字符,输出了其他字符。
44                                               //到这里提示:buffer corrupt!!
45      return 0;
46  }

原文链接: https://www.cnblogs.com/kevinGaoblog/archive/2012/07/20/2601069.html

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