第4章 进程(2)

/****************************************************************
Module name :Inherit.cpp
Notices:Copyright (c) 2008 Jeffrey Richter & Christophe Nasarre
****************************************************************/
#include <windows.h>
#include <tchar.h>
#include <strsafe.h>

int WINAPI _tWinMain(HINSTANCE hInstanceExe, HINSTANCE, PTSTR pszCmdLine, int nCmdShow)
{
    TCHAR szPath[MAX_PATH];

    //为创建子进程准备一个STARTUPINFO结构
    STARTUPINFO si = { sizeof(si) };
    SECURITY_ATTRIBUTES saProcess, saThread;
    PROCESS_INFORMATION piProcessB, piProcessC;

    //从进程A创建子进程B 
    saProcess.nLength = sizeof(saProcess);
    saProcess.lpSecurityDescriptor = NULL;
    saProcess.bInheritHandle = TRUE;//设置B进程内核对象句柄为可继承
    
    saThread.nLength = sizeof(saThread);
    saThread.lpSecurityDescriptor = NULL;
    saThread.bInheritHandle = FALSE; //进程B的主线程设置为不可继承

    //创建子进程B
    StringCchCopy(szPath, _countof(szPath), TEXT("ProcessB"));
    CreateProcess(NULL, szPath, &saProcess, &saThread, FALSE, 0, NULL, NULL, &si, &piProcessB);

    //pi结构体包含两个与进程A相关联的句柄值，
    //hProcess为进程B内核对象句柄，并且该句柄是可继承的。
    //hThread为进程B的主线程内核对象句柄，且该句柄是不可继承的。

    //创建子进程C时，将指定psaProcess和psaThread都为NULL。即默认C进程对象和线程对象句柄是
    //不可继承的。

    //因bInheritHandles参数设为TRUE，则进程C将继承进程B的主线程句柄
    StringCchCopy(szPath, _countof(szPath), TEXT("ProcessC"));
    CreateProcess(NULL, szPath, NULL, NULL, TRUE, 0, NULL, NULL, &si, &piProcessC);

    return 0;
}

#include <stdio.h>
#include <windows.h>

int main()
{
    SIZE_T cbAttributeListSize = 0;
    //获得属性列表所需内存块的大小
    BOOL bRet = InitializeProcThreadAttributeList(NULL, 1, 0, &cbAttributeListSize);

    //为属性列表分配内存
    PPROC_THREAD_ATTRIBUTE_LIST pAttributeList = (PPROC_THREAD_ATTRIBUTE_LIST)
                   HeapAlloc(GetProcessHeap(), 0, cbAttributeListSize);
    //由于属性列表是不透明的，要第二次调用下列函数来初始化属性列表
    bRet = InitializeProcThreadAttributeList(pAttributeList, 1, 0, &cbAttributeListSize);

    //初始化好了，可以增加、删除、修改键值对了
    //改变新进程的父进程
    UpdateProcThreadAttribute(pAttributeList, 0, PROC_THREAD_ATTRIBUTE_PARENT_PROCESS,
        新的父进程句柄, sizeof(HANDLE), NULL, 0);
    //指定可继承的句柄
    UpdateProcThreadAttribute(pAttributeList, 0, PROC_THREAD_ATTRIBUTE_HANDLE_LIST,
        指向一个允许子进程访问、可继承句柄的数组, sizeof(HANDLE)*句柄数, NULL, 0);

    //创建新的子进程
    STARTUPINFOEX esi = { sizeof(STARTUPINFOEX) };
    esi.lpAttributeList = pAttributeList;
    //下列必须指定EXTENDED_STARTUPINFO_PRESENT
    bRet = CreateProcess(..., EXTENDED_STARTUPINFO_PRESENT, ..., &esi.StartupInfo, ...); 

    //不再需要参数的时候，要释放内存
    DeleteProcThreadAttributeList(pAttributeList);

    return 0;
}

 PROCESS_INFORMATION  pi;

 DWORD dwExitCode;


//创建子进程

BOOL fSuccess = CreateProcess(…,&pi);

if(fSuccess)

{

    //当不再使有用子线程对象时，关闭它

    CloseHandle(pi.hThread);


    //父进程挂起自己，直到子进程完成任务，结束返回

    WaitForSingleObject(pi.hProcess,INFINITE); //挂起自己，等待hProcess变为有信号


   //获取子进程的退出代码

   GetExitCodeProcess(pi.hProcess,&dwExitCode);//用于判断子进程是否是正常退出的

   //关闭子进程

   CloseHandle(pi.hProcess); //注意子进程的使用计数为2，在子进程退出后，其内部会将计数减1.

                            //在父进程也要CloseHandle一次。才能正确释放该内核对象。

}

 PROCESS_INFORMATION  pi;


//创建子进程

BOOL fSuccess = CreateProcess(…,&pi);

if(fSuccess)

{

    //当子进程结束时，允许销毁子进程内核对象及其主线程对象（因为使用计数分别为2）

    CloseHandle(pi.hThread); //注意子进程（或线程）的使用计数为2，在子进程（线程）退出后，

    CloseHandle(pi.hProcess);//其内部会将计数减1. 在父进程也要分别CloseHandle一次

}

#include <windows.h>
#include <tchar.h>
#include <strsafe.h>

#define GRS_USEPRINTF() TCHAR pBuf[1024] = {}
#define GRS_PRINTF(...) 
    StringCchPrintf(pBuf, 1024, __VA_ARGS__); 
    WriteConsole(GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE), pBuf, lstrlen(pBuf), NULL, NULL);

#define GRS_USEPRINTFA() CHAR pBufA[1024] = {}
#define GRS_PRINTFA(...) 
    StringCchPrintfA(pBufA, 1024, __VA_ARGS__); 
    WriteConsoleA(GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE), pBufA, lstrlenA(pBufA), NULL, NULL);

#define GRS_ALLOC(sz)        HeapAlloc(GetProcessHeap(),0,sz)
#define GRS_CALLOC(sz)        HeapAlloc(GetProcessHeap(),HEAP_ZERO_MEMORY,sz)
#define GRS_SAFEFREE(p)        if(NULL != p){HeapFree(GetProcessHeap(),0,p);p=NULL;}

//获取应用程序所在的路径
void GetAppPath(PTSTR pszPath)
{
    DWORD dwLen = 0;
    //获取当前进程已加载模块的文件的完整路径
    dwLen = GetModuleFileName(NULL, pszPath, MAX_PATH); //NULL表示获取当前exe全路径

    if (dwLen == 0) return;

    for (DWORD i = dwLen; i > 0; i--)
    {
        if ('\'==pszPath[i])
        {
            pszPath[i + 1] = '';
            break;
        }
    }
}

int _tmain()
{
    GRS_USEPRINTF();
    TCHAR pszAppPath[MAX_PATH + 1] = {};
    TCHAR pszExe[MAX_PATH + 1] = {};
    GetAppPath(pszAppPath); //获取当前exe文件所在目录

    STARTUPINFO si = { sizeof(STARTUPINFO) };
    PROCESS_INFORMATION pi = {};
    SECURITY_ATTRIBUTES sa = { sizeof(SECURITY_ATTRIBUTES) };
    sa.bInheritHandle = FALSE;  //该子进程不可继承

    //启用窗口应用程序
    //si.dwFlags = STARTF_USESIZE | STARTF_USESHOWWINDOW | STARTF_USEPOSITION;
    //si.wShowWindow = SW_SHOWNORMAL;
    //si.dwXSize = 800;
    //si.dwYSize = 300;
    //si.dwX = 312;
    //si.dwY = 234;
    //StringCchPrintf(pszExe, MAX_PATH, _T("%s%s"), pszAppPath, _T("SubGUI.exe"));
    //CreateProcess(pszExe, pszExe, NULL, NULL, TRUE, 0, NULL, pszAppPath, &si, &pi);
    //WaitForSingleObject(pi.hProcess,INFINITE);
    //CloseHandle(pi.hProcess);
    //CloseHandle(pi.hThread);

    printf("这是父进程的控制台窗口！rn");
    ////启动控制台窗口
    ////1、附加到本进程输入输出，默认特性
    //si.dwFlags = 0;
    //StringCchPrintf(pszExe, MAX_PATH, _T("%s%s"), pszAppPath, _T("SubConsole.exe"));
    //CreateProcess(pszExe, pszExe, NULL, NULL, TRUE, 0, NULL, pszAppPath, &si, &pi);
    //WaitForSingleObject(pi.hProcess,INFINITE);
    //CloseHandle(pi.hProcess);
    //CloseHandle(pi.hThread);

    ////2、独立输入/输出
    //si.dwFlags = 0;
    //StringCchPrintf(pszExe, MAX_PATH, _T("%s%s"), pszAppPath, _T("SubConsole.exe"));
    //CreateProcess(pszExe, pszExe, NULL, NULL, TRUE,  CREATE_NEW_CONSOLE,NULL, pszAppPath, &si, &pi);
    //WaitForSingleObject(pi.hProcess, INFINITE);
    //CloseHandle(pi.hProcess);
    //CloseHandle(pi.hThread);

    ////3、分离进程（注意子进程内部需要调用一下AllocConsole，但本例中没那样做，所以会不正常！）
    //si.dwFlags = 0;
    //StringCchPrintf(pszExe, MAX_PATH, _T("%s%s"), pszAppPath, _T("SubConsole.exe"));
    //CreateProcess(pszExe, pszExe, NULL, NULL, TRUE, DETACHED_PROCESS, NULL, pszAppPath, &si, &pi);
    //WaitForSingleObject(pi.hProcess, INFINITE);
    //CloseHandle(pi.hProcess);
    //CloseHandle(pi.hThread);

    ////4、重定向输入、输出到文件
    //sa.bInheritHandle = TRUE; //设定子进程句柄可继承
    //si.dwFlags = STARTF_USESTDHANDLES;
    //StringCchPrintf(pszExe, MAX_PATH, _T("%s%s"), pszAppPath, _T("Output.txt"));
    //HANDLE hOutput = CreateFile(pszExe, GENERIC_WRITE, 0, &sa, CREATE_ALWAYS, 
    //                 FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL,NULL);

    ////Input.txt文件要提前创建
    //StringCchPrintf(pszExe, MAX_PATH, _T("%s%s"), pszAppPath, _T("Input.txt"));
    //HANDLE hInput = CreateFile(pszExe, GENERIC_READ, 0, &sa, OPEN_EXISTING,
    //    0, NULL);

    //si.hStdOutput = hOutput;
    //si.hStdInput = hInput;
    ////子进程创建后，会将Input.txt的作为输入设备，将Output.txt作为输出设备
    ////又因子进程代码中要读入数据（从Input.txt中），并输出（重定向到Output.txt）
    //StringCchPrintf(pszExe, MAX_PATH, _T("%s%s"), pszAppPath, _T("SubConsole.exe"));
    //CreateProcess(pszExe, pszExe, NULL, NULL, TRUE, CREATE_NEW_CONSOLE, NULL, pszAppPath, &si, &pi); //CREATE_NEW_CONSOLE!
    //WaitForSingleObject(pi.hProcess, INFINITE);
    //CloseHandle(hOutput);
    //CloseHandle(hInput);
    //CloseHandle(pi.hProcess);
    //CloseHandle(pi.hThread);

    //重定向到管道，接收Ping命令的输出
    GRS_USEPRINTFA();
    StringCchPrintf(pszExe, MAX_PATH, _T("PING www.baidu.com"));
    BYTE pBuffer[1024] = {};   //缓存
    DWORD dwLen = 0;
    HANDLE hRead1, hWrite1;   //管道读写句柄
    BOOL bRet;
    sa.bInheritHandle = TRUE;

    //创建匿名管道，管道句柄是可被继承的
    bRet = CreatePipe(&hRead1, &hWrite1, &sa, 1024);
    if (!bRet)
    {
        GRS_PRINTF(_T("管道创建失败，Error Code：%dn"),GetLastError());
        _tsystem(_T("PAUSE"));
        return 0;
    }

    si.dwFlags = STARTF_USESTDHANDLES | STARTF_USESHOWWINDOW;
    si.wShowWindow = SW_HIDE;  //隐藏子进程窗口
    si.hStdOutput = hWrite1;   //将子进程的输出写入管道
    //创建子进程，运行Ping命令，子进程是可继承的
    CreateProcess(NULL, pszExe, NULL, NULL, TRUE, 
                  DETACHED_PROCESS/*CREATE_NEW_CONSOLE, NULL*/,
                  NULL,pszAppPath, &si, &pi);
    //管道句柄己被继承，本地则可关闭，否则管道内核对象没有释放，之后的读管道操作仍会一直等待管道写入数据
    CloseHandle(hWrite1); //但当Ping执行完毕，己经没有数据写入，就会因ReadFile读不到数据，而使本进程阻塞

    //读管道直至管道关闭。
    dwLen = 1000;
    DWORD dwRead = 0;
    while (ReadFile(hRead1, pBuffer, dwLen, &dwRead, NULL))
    {
        if (0==dwRead)
        {
            break;
        }
        GRS_PRINTFA("%sn", pBuffer);
        ZeroMemory(pBuffer, 1024);
    }
    GRS_PRINTF(_T("Read Completion!n"));
    CloseHandle(hRead1);
    CloseHandle(pi.hProcess);
    CloseHandle(pi.hThread);

    _tsystem(_T("PAUSE"));
    return 0;
}

//SubConsole.cpp：定义控制台应用程序

#include <tchar.h>
#include <locale.h>

int _tmain()
{
    _tsetlocale(LC_ALL, _T("chs"));

    _tprintf(_T("控制台子进程SubConsole输出信息......n"));
    _tprintf(_T("请输入一个整数："));
    int iIput = 0;
    _tscanf_s(_T("%d"), &iIput);
    _tprintf(_T("您输入的是：%dn"), iIput);

    _tsystem(_T("PAUSE"));

}