Linux 常用命令全拼

Linux 常用命令

• pwd: print work directory 打印当前目录 显示出当前工作目录的绝对路径
• ps: process status(进程状态，类似于windows的任务管理器)  常用参数：－auxf  ：ps -auxf 显示进程状态
• df: disk free 其功能是显示磁盘可用空间数目信息及空间结点信息。换句话说，就是报告在任何安装的设备或目录中，还剩多少自由的空间。
• du: Disk usage
• rpm：即RedHat Package Management，是RedHat的发明之一
• rmdir：Remove Directory（删除目录）
• rm：Remove（删除目录或文件）
• cat: concatenate 连锁
• cat file1file2>>file3 把文件1和文件2的内容联合起来放到file3中
• insmod: install module,载入模块
• ln -s : link -soft 创建一个软链接，相当于创建一个快捷方式
• mkdir：Make Directory(创建目录)
• touch: touch
• man: Manual
• su：Swith user(切换用户)
• cd：Change directory
• ls：List files
• ps：Process Status
• mkdir：Make directory
• rmdir：Remove directory
• mkfs: Make file system
• fsck：File system check
• uname: Unix name
• lsmod: List modules
• mv: Move file
• rm: Remove file
• cp: Copy file
• ln: Link files
• fg: Foreground
• bg: Background
• chown: Change owner
• chgrp: Change group
• chmod: Change mode
• umount: Unmount
• dd: 本来应根据其功能描述"Convert an copy"命名为"cc"，但"cc"已经被用以代表"CComplier"，所以命名为"dd"
• tar：Tape archive （磁带档案）
• ldd：List dynamic dependencies
• insmod：Install module
• rmmod：Remove module
• lsmod：List module
• 文件结尾的"rc"（如.bashrc、.xinitrc等）：Resource configuration
• Knnxxx /Snnxxx（位于rcx.d目录下）：K（Kill）；S(Service)；nn（执行顺序号）；xxx（服务标识）
• .a（扩展名a）：Archive，static library
• .so（扩展名so）：Shared object，dynamically linked library
• .o（扩展名o）：Object file，complied result of C/C++ source file
• RPM：Red hat package manager
• dpkg：Debian package manager
• apt：Advanced package tool（Debian或基于Debian的发行版中提供）

其他 Linux 命令缩写

• bin = Binaries (二进制文件)
• /dev = Devices (设备)
• /etc = Etcetera (等等)
• /lib = LIBrary
• /proc = Processes
• /sbin = Superuser Binaries (超级用户的二进制文件)
• /tmp = Temporary (临时)
• /usr = Unix Shared Resources
• /var = Variable (变量)
• FIFO = First In, First Out
• GRUB = GRand Unified Bootloader
• IFS= Internal Field Seperators
• LILO = LInux LOader
• MySQL = My 是最初作者女儿的名字，
• SQL = Structured QueryLanguage
• PHP = Personal Home Page Tools = PHP HypertextPreprocessor
• PS = Prompt String
• Perl = “Pratical Extraction and Report Language”(实际的抽取和报告语言) =”Pathologically Eclectic Rubbish Lister”
• Python 得名于电视剧Monty Python’s Flying Circus
• Tcl = Tool Command Language
• Tk = ToolKit
• VT = Video Terminal
• YaST = Yet Another Setup Tool
• apache = “a patchy” server
• apt = Advanced Packaging Tool
• ar = archiver
• as = assembler
• awk = “Aho Weiberger and Kernighan”三个作者的姓的第一个字母
• bash = Bourne Again SHell
• bc = Basic (Better) Calculator
• bg = BackGround
• biff = 作者HeidiStettner在U.C.Berkely养的一条狗,喜欢对邮递员汪汪叫。
• cal = Calendar (日历)
• cat = Catenate (链接)
• cd = Change Directory
• chgrp = Change Group
• chmod = Change Mode
• chown = Change Owner
• chsh = Change Shell
• cmp = compare
• cobra = Common Object Request BrokerArchitecture
• comm = common
• cp = Copy
• cpio = CoPy In and Out
• cpp = C Pre Processor
• cron = Chronos 希腊文时间
• cups = Common Unix Printing System
• cvs = Current Version System
• daemon = Disk And Execution MONitor
• dc = Desk Calculator
• dd = Disk Dump (磁盘转储)
• df = Disk Free
• diff = Difference
• dmesg = diagnostic message
• du = Disk Usage
• ed = editor
• egrep = Extended GREP
• elf = Extensible Linking Format
• elm = ELectronic Mail
• emacs = Editor MACroS
• eval = EVALuate
• ex = EXtended
• exec = EXECute (执行)
• fd = file descriptors
• fg = ForeGround
• fgrep = Fixed GREP
• fmt = format
• fsck = File System ChecK
• fstab = FileSystem TABle
• fvwm = F*** Virtual Window Manager
• gawk = GNU AWK
• gpg = GNU Privacy Guard
• groff = GNU troff
• hal = Hardware Abstraction Layer
• joe = Joe’s Own Editor
• ksh = Korn SHell
• lame = Lame Ain’t an MP3 Encoder
• lex = LEXical analyser
• lisp = LISt Processing = Lots of IrritatingSuperfluous Parentheses
• ln = Link
• lpr = Line PRint
• ls = list
• lsof = LiSt Open Files
• m4 = Macro processor Version 4
• man = MANual pages
• mawk = Mike Brennan’s AWK
• mc = Midnight Commander
• mkfs = MaKe FileSystem
• mknod = Make Node
• motd = Message of The Day
• mozilla = MOsaic GodZILLa
• mtab = Mount TABle
• mv = Move
• nano = Nano’s ANOther editor
• nawk = New AWK
• nl = Number of Lines
• nm = names
• nohup = No HangUP
• nroff = New ROFF
• od = Octal Dump
• passwd = Passwd
• pg = pager
• pico = PIne’s message COmposition editor
• pine = “Program for Internet News &Email” = “Pine is not Elm”
• ping = 拟声 又 = Packet Internet Grouper
• pirntcap = PRINTer CAPability
• popd = POP Directory
• pr = pre
• printf = Print Formatted
• ps = Processes Status
• pty = pseudo tty
• pushd = PUSH Directory
• pwd = Print Working Directory
• rc = runcom = run command, rc还是plan9的shell
• rev = REVerse
• rm = ReMove
• rn = Read News
• roff = RunOFF
• rpm = RPM Package Manager = RedHat PackageManager
• rsh, rlogin, rvim中的
• r = Remote
• rxvt = ouR XVT
• seamoneky = 我
• sed = Stream Editor
• seq = SEQuence
• shar = Shell ARchive
• slrn = S-Lang rn
• ssh = Secure Shell
• ssl = Secure Sockets Layer
• stty = Set TTY
• su = Substitute User
• svn = SubVersion
• tar = Tape ARchive
• tcsh = TENEX C shell
• tee = T (T形水管接口)
• telnet = TEminaL over Network
• termcap = terminal capability
• terminfo = terminal information
• tex = τέχνη的缩写，希腊文art
• tr = traslate
• troff = Typesetter new ROFF
• tsort = Topological SORT
• tty = TeleTypewriter
• twm = Tom’s Window Manager
• tz = TimeZone
• udev = Userspace DEV
• ulimit = User’s LIMIT
• umask = User’s MASK
• uniq = UNIQue
• i = VIsual = Very Inconvenient
• vim = Vi IMproved
• wall = write all
• wc = Word Count
• wine = WINE Is Not an Emulator
• xargs = eXtended ARGuments
• xdm = X Display Manager
• xlfd = X Logical Font Description
• xmms = X Multimedia System
• xrdb = X Resources DataBase
• xwd = X Window Dump
• yacc = yet another compiler compiler
• Fish = the Friendly Interactive SHell
• su = Switch User
• MIME = Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions
• ECMA = European Computer ManufacturersAssociation