Linux 通过安装vncserver，客户端远程连接展示图形化界面

# 修改yum为国内镜像
cp /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo.backup-linux && 
wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo && 
yum clean all && 
yum makecache

# 安装依赖软件
yum install -y  compat-libstdc++*  && 
yum install -y  binutils*  && 
yum install -y  compat-libstdc*  && 
yum install -y  elfutils-libelf*  && 
yum install -y  gcc*  && 
yum install -y  glibc*  && 
yum install -y  ksh*  && 
yum install -y  libaio*  && 
yum install -y  libgcc*  && 
yum install -y  libstdc*  && 
yum install -y  make*  && 
yum install -y  sysstat*  && 
yum install -y  libXp*  && 
yum install -y  glibc-kernheaders

# yum
rpm -q --queryformat %-{name}-%{version}-%{release}-%{arch}"n"  compat-libstdc++-33 glibc-kernheaders glibc-headers libaio libgcc glibc-devel xorg-x11-deprecated-libs
# 输出无法下载和安装的软件，清单如下：
# package  compat-libstdc++-33 is not installed
# package glibc-kernheaders is not installed
# package glibc-headers is not installed
# libaio-0.3.109-13.el7-x86_64
# libgcc-4.8.5-16.el7-x86_64
# package glibc-devel is not installed
# package xorg-x11-deprecated-libs is not installed

# 遇到部分无法在aliyun下载的软件，则需要重新替换yum.repo
cp /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo.backup-aliyun && 
cp /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo.backup-linux /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo && 
yum clean all && 
yum makecache && 
yum install -y compat-libstdc++*  && 
# 安装包找不到
yum install -y glibc-kernheaders*  && 
yum install -y glibc-headers*  && 
yum install -y libaio*  && 
yum install -y libgcc*  && 
yum install -y glibc-devel*  && 
# 安装包找不到
yum install -y xorg-x11-deprecated-libs*  && 

# 查看VNC启动失败的日志，
cat ./.vnc/CNT7XORACLED01:1.log
# xrdb: No such file or directory
# xrdb: can't open file '/root/.Xresources'
# xterm: cannot load font '-misc-fixed-medium-r-semicondensed--13-120-75-75-c-60-iso10646-1'

# 根据日志错误信息，安装插件或创建目录
touch ~/.Xresources  && 
yum install -y xterm  && 
yum install -y gnome-session

# 如果日志提示错误：xterm: cannot load font '-misc-fixed-medium-r-semicondensed--13-120-75-75-c-60-iso10646-1'
# 则编辑文件，添加如下两行内容
vi ~/.Xresources
xterm*faceName:AR PL Uming CN
xterm*faceSize:12

# 然后，重新启动vncserver
# 关闭vncserver , vncserver这里是"Xvnc :1"，见下面查询结果所得:1
# 详情使用ps -ef | grep vncserver查看
# [root@CNT7XORACLED01 ~]# ps -ef | grep vnc
# root       1608      1  0 10:20 pts/1    00:00:00 /usr/bin/Xvnc :1 -auth /root/.Xauthority -desktop CNT7XORACLED01:1 (root) -fp catalogue:/etc/X11/fontpath.d -geometry 1024x768 -pn -rfbauth /root/.vnc/passwd -rfbport 5901 -rfbwait 30000
# 关闭vncserver
vncserver -kill :1
vncserver :1

# 然后，执行如下命令
export DISPLAY=localhost:1
xhost +

# 出现如下输出，才是成功启动了Linux的远程连接的图形化界面