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C++ builder消息的运用

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http://tech.e800.com.cn/articles/2010/17/1262842530085_1.html

一、TApplication的OnMessage事件

OnMessage事件只处理消息队列中的消息，SendMessage()发送的消息不会被截获。

任何窗体接收到一个windows消息，都会触发一次此事件

函数原型：

typedef void __fastcall (__closure TMessageEvent) (tagMSG &Msg,bool &Handled);

Msg表示被截获的消息，Handled表示是否处理完成，为TRUE则防止被再次处理，设为FALSE则可以继续处理。
C++ builder消息的运用C++ builder消息的运用代码//计算程序响应的消息数

//---------------------------------------------------------------------------



#ifndef Msg_testH

#defineMsg_testH

//---------------------------------------------------------------------------

#include<Classes.hpp>

#include<Controls.hpp>

#include<StdCtrls.hpp>

#include<Forms.hpp>

//---------------------------------------------------------------------------

classTForm1 :publicTForm

{

__published://IDE-managed Components

TLabelLabel1;

void__fastcall FormCreate(TObjectSender);

private://User declarations

//自定义消息响应函数

void__fastcall AppMessage(tagMSG&MSG,bool&Handled);

public://User declarations

__fastcall TForm1(TComponentOwner);

intNum;

};

//---------------------------------------------------------------------------

externPACKAGE TForm1Form1;

//---------------------------------------------------------------------------

#endif



//---------------------------------------------------------------------------



#include<vcl.h>

#pragmahdrstop



#include"Msg_test.h"

//---------------------------------------------------------------------------

#pragmapackage(smart_init)

#pragmaresource ".dfm"

TForm1Form1;

//---------------------------------------------------------------------------

__fastcall TForm1::TForm1(TComponentOwner)

: TForm(Owner)

{

Num=0;

}

//---------------------------------------------------------------------------



void__fastcall TForm1::FormCreate(TObjectSender)

{

//将自定义函数与OnMessage事件联系起来

Application->OnMessage=AppMessage;

}

//---------------------------------------------------------------------------

void__fastcall TForm1::AppMessage(tagMSG&MSG,bool&Handled)

{

Num++;

Label1->Caption=AnsiString(Num);

Handled=false;

}


//计算程序响应的消息数

//---------------------------------------------------------------------------



#ifndef Msg_testH

#defineMsg_testH

//---------------------------------------------------------------------------

#include<Classes.hpp>

#include<Controls.hpp>

#include<StdCtrls.hpp>

#include<Forms.hpp>

//---------------------------------------------------------------------------

classTForm1 :publicTForm

{

__published://IDE-managed Components

TLabelLabel1;

void__fastcall FormCreate(TObjectSender);

private://User declarations

//自定义消息响应函数

void__fastcall AppMessage(tagMSG&MSG,bool&Handled);

public://User declarations

__fastcall TForm1(TComponentOwner);

intNum;

};

//---------------------------------------------------------------------------

externPACKAGE TForm1Form1;

//---------------------------------------------------------------------------

#endif



//---------------------------------------------------------------------------



#include<vcl.h>

#pragmahdrstop



#include"Msg_test.h"

//---------------------------------------------------------------------------

#pragmapackage(smart_init)

#pragmaresource ".dfm"

TForm1Form1;

//---------------------------------------------------------------------------

__fastcall TForm1::TForm1(TComponentOwner)

: TForm(Owner)

{

Num=0;

}

//---------------------------------------------------------------------------



void__fastcall TForm1::FormCreate(TObject*Sender)

{

//将自定义函数与OnMessage事件联系起来

Application->OnMessage=AppMessage;

}

//---------------------------------------------------------------------------

void__fastcall TForm1::AppMessage(tagMSG&MSG,bool&Handled)

{

Num++;

Label1->Caption=AnsiString(Num);

Handled=false;

}



二、消息映射

使用消息映射，一般需要三步：

(1).声明消息映射表，把某些消息的处理权，交给自己定义的函数

以一个没有参数的BEGIN_MESSAGE_MAP宏开始，

以END_MESSAGE_MAP宏结束(唯一参数是组件的父类的名字，通常为TForm)

在中间插入一个或多个MESSAGE_HANDLER宏，其将一个消息句柄和一个消息处理函数联系在一起。

MESSAGE_HANDLER(windows消息名，消息结构体名，消息处理函数名）

(2)声明消息处理函数

函数名称和参数必须和MESSAGE_HANDLER宏定义的一样

(3)实现消息处理函数

与一般类函数差不多，只是在最后加上一条语句，完成VCL对消息的默认处理

TForm::Dispatch(&Message);
C++ builder消息的运用C++ builder消息的运用消息映射//---------------------------------------------------------------------------



#ifndef Unit1H

#defineUnit1H

//---------------------------------------------------------------------------

#include<Classes.hpp>

#include<Controls.hpp>

#include<StdCtrls.hpp>

#include<Forms.hpp>

//---------------------------------------------------------------------------

classTForm1 :publicTForm

{

__published://IDE-managed Components

TLabelLabel1;

private://User declarations

public://User declarations

__fastcall TForm1(TComponentOwner);



//自定义消息映射函数

void__fastcall WMGetMinMaxInfo(TWMGetMinMaxInfo&Msg);



BEGIN_MESSAGE_MAP

MESSAGE_HANDLER(WM_GETMINMAXINFO,TWMGetMinMaxInfo,WMGetMinMaxInfo)

END_MESSAGE_MAP(TForm)

};

//---------------------------------------------------------------------------

externPACKAGE TForm1Form1;

//---------------------------------------------------------------------------

#endif





//---------------------------------------------------------------------------



#include<vcl.h>

#pragmahdrstop



#include"Unit1.h"

//---------------------------------------------------------------------------

#pragmapackage(smart_init)

#pragmaresource ".dfm"

TForm1Form1;

//---------------------------------------------------------------------------

__fastcall TForm1::TForm1(TComponentOwner)

: TForm(Owner)

{

}

//---------------------------------------------------------------------------

void__fastcall TForm1::WMGetMinMaxInfo(TWMGetMinMaxInfo&Msg)

{

//当用户单击窗体状态栏上的最大化按钮时，限制窗体的长宽

Msg.MinMaxInfo->ptMaxSize.x=600;

Msg.MinMaxInfo->ptMaxSize.y=400;



//设定窗体最大化时，左上角左边为窗体当前位置

Msg.MinMaxInfo->ptMaxPosition.x=Left;

Msg.MinMaxInfo->ptMaxPosition.y=Top;



//当用户用鼠标拖动的方式改变窗体尺寸时，限制其最大值

Msg.MinMaxInfo->ptMaxTrackSize.x=600;

Msg.MinMaxInfo->ptMaxTrackSize.y=400;



//当用户用鼠标拖动的方式改变窗体尺寸时，限制其最小值

Msg.MinMaxInfo->ptMinTrackSize.x=200;

Msg.MinMaxInfo->ptMinTrackSize.y=10;



//显示当前窗体的尺寸

Label1->Caption="Width:"+AnsiString(this->Width)+

"Height:"+AnsiString(Height);



TForm::Dispatch(&Msg);

}


//---------------------------------------------------------------------------



#ifndef Unit1H

#defineUnit1H

//---------------------------------------------------------------------------

#include<Classes.hpp>

#include<Controls.hpp>

#include<StdCtrls.hpp>

#include<Forms.hpp>

//---------------------------------------------------------------------------

classTForm1 :publicTForm

{

__published://IDE-managed Components

TLabelLabel1;

private://User declarations

public://User declarations

__fastcall TForm1(TComponentOwner);



//自定义消息映射函数

void__fastcall WMGetMinMaxInfo(TWMGetMinMaxInfo&Msg);



BEGIN_MESSAGE_MAP

MESSAGE_HANDLER(WM_GETMINMAXINFO,TWMGetMinMaxInfo,WMGetMinMaxInfo)

END_MESSAGE_MAP(TForm)

};

//---------------------------------------------------------------------------

externPACKAGE TForm1Form1;

//---------------------------------------------------------------------------

#endif





//---------------------------------------------------------------------------



#include<vcl.h>

#pragmahdrstop



#include"Unit1.h"

//---------------------------------------------------------------------------

#pragmapackage(smart_init)

#pragmaresource ".dfm"

TForm1Form1;

//---------------------------------------------------------------------------

__fastcall TForm1::TForm1(TComponentOwner)

: TForm(Owner)

{

}

//---------------------------------------------------------------------------

void__fastcall TForm1::WMGetMinMaxInfo(TWMGetMinMaxInfo&Msg)

{

//当用户单击窗体状态栏上的最大化按钮时，限制窗体的长宽

Msg.MinMaxInfo->ptMaxSize.x=600;

Msg.MinMaxInfo->ptMaxSize.y=400;



//设定窗体最大化时，左上角左边为窗体当前位置

Msg.MinMaxInfo->ptMaxPosition.x=Left;

Msg.MinMaxInfo->ptMaxPosition.y=Top;



//当用户用鼠标拖动的方式改变窗体尺寸时，限制其最大值

Msg.MinMaxInfo->ptMaxTrackSize.x=600;

Msg.MinMaxInfo->ptMaxTrackSize.y=400;



//当用户用鼠标拖动的方式改变窗体尺寸时，限制其最小值

Msg.MinMaxInfo->ptMinTrackSize.x=200;

Msg.MinMaxInfo->ptMinTrackSize.y=10;



//显示当前窗体的尺寸

Label1->Caption="Width:"+AnsiString(this->Width)+

"Height:"+AnsiString(Height);



TForm::Dispatch(&Msg);

}

三、消息映射的深入讨论

../include/vcl/sysmac.h中有消息映射的宏定义
C++ builder消息的运用C++ builder消息的运用代码#defineBEGIN_MESSAGE_MAP virtual void __fastcall Dispatch(void Message)

{

switch(((PMessage)Message)->Msg)

{



#defineVCL_MESSAGE_HANDLER(msg,type,meth)

casemsg:

meth(((type)Message));

break;



//NOTE: ATL defines a MESSAGE_HANDLER macro which conflicts with VCL's macro. The

//VCL macro has been renamed to VCL_MESSAGE_HANDLER. If you are not using ATL,

//MESSAGE_HANDLER is defined as in previous versions of BCB.

//

#if!defined(USING_ATL) && !defined(USING_ATLVCL) && !defined(INC_ATL_HEADERS)

#defineMESSAGE_HANDLER VCL_MESSAGE_HANDLER

#endif//ATL_COMPAT



#defineEND_MESSAGE_MAP(base) default:

base::Dispatch(Message);

break;

}

}



//对与消息映射：

BEGIN_MESSAGE_MAP

MESSAGE_HANDLER(WM_GETMINMAXINFO,TWMGetMinMaxInfo,WMGetMinMaxInfo)

END_MESSAGE_MAP(TForm1)



//将被扩展为：

virtualvoid__fastcall Dispatch(voidMessage)

{

switch(((PMessage)Message)->Msg)

{

casemsg:

WMGetMinMaxInfo(((TWMGetMinMaxInfo)Message));

break;

default:

TForm1::Dispatch(Message);

break;

}

}


#defineBEGIN_MESSAGE_MAP virtual void __fastcall Dispatch(void Message)

{

switch(((PMessage)Message)->Msg)

{



#defineVCL_MESSAGE_HANDLER(msg,type,meth)

casemsg:

meth(((type)Message));

break;



//NOTE: ATL defines a MESSAGE_HANDLER macro which conflicts with VCL's macro. The

//VCL macro has been renamed to VCL_MESSAGE_HANDLER. If you are not using ATL,

//MESSAGE_HANDLER is defined as in previous versions of BCB.

//

#if!defined(USING_ATL) && !defined(USING_ATLVCL) && !defined(INC_ATL_HEADERS)

#defineMESSAGE_HANDLER VCL_MESSAGE_HANDLER

#endif//ATL_COMPAT



#defineEND_MESSAGE_MAP(base) default:

base::Dispatch(Message);

break;

}

}



//对与消息映射：

BEGIN_MESSAGE_MAP

MESSAGE_HANDLER(WM_GETMINMAXINFO,TWMGetMinMaxInfo,WMGetMinMaxInfo)

END_MESSAGE_MAP(TForm1)



//将被扩展为：

virtualvoid__fastcall Dispatch(voidMessage)

{

switch(((PMessage)Message)->Msg)

{

casemsg:

WMGetMinMaxInfo(((TWMGetMinMaxInfo)Message));

break;

default:

TForm1::Dispatch(Message);

break;

}

}

VCL_MESSAGE_HANDLER写法，是为了调用ATL时，命名不冲突

四、重载WndProc()函数

函数原型：

virtual void __fastcall WndProc(Message::TMessage &Message);
C++ builder消息的运用C++ builder消息的运用代码//头文件中声明

void__fastcall WndProc(TMessage&Message);



//实现文件

void__fastcall TForm1::WndProc(TMessage&Message)

{

if(Message.Msg==WM_GETMINMAXINFO)

{

//付给结构体LPMINMAXINFO

LPMINMAXINFO lpmmi=(LPMINMAXINFO)Message.LParam;



//当用户单击窗体状态栏上的最大化按钮时，限制窗体的长宽

lpmmi->ptMaxSize.x=600;

lpmmi->ptMaxSize.y=400;



//设定窗体最大化时，左上角左边为窗体当前位置

lpmmi->ptMaxPosition.x=Left;

lpmmi->ptMaxPosition.y=Top;



//当用户用鼠标拖动的方式改变窗体尺寸时，限制其最大值

lpmmi->ptMaxTrackSize.x=600;

lpmmi->ptMaxTrackSize.y=400;



//当用户用鼠标拖动的方式改变窗体尺寸时，限制其最小值

lpmmi->ptMinTrackSize.x=200;

lpmmi->ptMinTrackSize.y=100;



//显示当前窗体的尺寸

Label1->Caption="Width:"+AnsiString(this->Width)+

"Height:"+AnsiString(Height);

}

TForm::WndProc(Message);

}




//头文件中声明

void__fastcall WndProc(TMessage&Message);



//实现文件

void__fastcall TForm1::WndProc(TMessage&Message)

{

if(Message.Msg==WM_GETMINMAXINFO)

{

//付给结构体LPMINMAXINFO

LPMINMAXINFO lpmmi=(LPMINMAXINFO)Message.LParam;



//当用户单击窗体状态栏上的最大化按钮时，限制窗体的长宽

lpmmi->ptMaxSize.x=600;

lpmmi->ptMaxSize.y=400;



//设定窗体最大化时，左上角左边为窗体当前位置

lpmmi->ptMaxPosition.x=Left;

lpmmi->ptMaxPosition.y=Top;



//当用户用鼠标拖动的方式改变窗体尺寸时，限制其最大值

lpmmi->ptMaxTrackSize.x=600;

lpmmi->ptMaxTrackSize.y=400;



//当用户用鼠标拖动的方式改变窗体尺寸时，限制其最小值

lpmmi->ptMinTrackSize.x=200;

lpmmi->ptMinTrackSize.y=100;



//显示当前窗体的尺寸

Label1->Caption="Width:"+AnsiString(this->Width)+

"Height:"+AnsiString(Height);

}

TForm::WndProc(Message);

}

五、非标准消息

1.通知消息(Notification message)

此消息只发生在一些标准windows控件上

当一个窗体的子控件发生了一些事情后，他通知给其父窗体的消息

包括：按钮、编辑框、列表空、label等..

如：BN_CLICKED 单击按钮

2.自定义消息

相比通过改变对象成员的优点：可以不用知道接收者的确切类型，只要知道其窗口句柄；可以广播给多个接受者。

一般有两种方式：直接定义，WM_USER + XXX 或 WM_APP+XXX 分别为0x0400和0x8000

或调用API函数RegisterWindowMessage()向系统注册一个

3.发送自定义消息

向特定窗体发送消息：

TControl::Perform() 由C++ builder提供

SendMessage() 和 PostMessage() API函数

发送广播消息

TWinControl::Broadcast() 由C++ builder提供

BroadcastSystemMessage() API函数

Perform() 适用于在同一应用程序的不同窗体和控件消息的传递。

SendMessage() 把消息直接发送给窗口函数(不入队列)，等消息被处理后才返回。

PostMessage() 只是单纯吧消息送到消息队列中，就立刻返回。

Boradcast() 只能向C++ builder应用程序中的指定窗体上的所有子控件广播消息，无法向其他应用程序广播。

BroadcastSystemMessage() 可以向任意的应用程序或者组件广播消息。
C++ builder消息的运用C++ builder消息的运用代码//窗体1(四个按钮)

//---------------------------------------------------------------------------



#ifndef Unit1H

#defineUnit1H

//---------------------------------------------------------------------------

#include<Classes.hpp>

#include<Controls.hpp>

#include<StdCtrls.hpp>

#include<Forms.hpp>



#include"Unit2.h"

//---------------------------------------------------------------------------

classTForm1 :publicTForm

{

__published://IDE-managed Components

TButtonButton1;

TButtonButton2;

TButtonButton3;

TButtonButton4;

void__fastcall Button1Click(TObjectSender);

void__fastcall Button2Click(TObjectSender);

void__fastcall Button3Click(TObjectSender);

void__fastcall Button4Click(TObjectSender);

private://User declarations

public://User declarations

__fastcall TForm1(TComponentOwner);

};

//---------------------------------------------------------------------------

externPACKAGE TForm1Form1;

//---------------------------------------------------------------------------

#endif



//---------------------------------------------------------------------------



#include<vcl.h>

#pragmahdrstop



#include"Unit1.h"



//---------------------------------------------------------------------------

#pragmapackage(smart_init)

#pragmaresource ".dfm"

TForm1Form1;

//---------------------------------------------------------------------------

__fastcall TForm1::TForm1(TComponentOwner)

: TForm(Owner)

{

}

//---------------------------------------------------------------------------



void__fastcall TForm1::Button1Click(TObjectSender)

{

Form2->Perform(WM_CLOSE,0,0);

}

//---------------------------------------------------------------------------



void__fastcall TForm1::Button2Click(TObjectSender)

{

SendMessage(Form2->Handle,WM_CLOSE,0,0);

}

//---------------------------------------------------------------------------



void__fastcall TForm1::Button3Click(TObjectSender)

{

PostMessage(Form2->Handle,WM_CLOSE,0,0);

}

//---------------------------------------------------------------------------



void__fastcall TForm1::Button4Click(TObjectSender)

{

//向窗体Form2的子控件广播WM_LBUTTONDOWN消息

TMessage M;

M.Msg=WM_LBUTTONDOWN;

Form2->Broadcast(&M);

}

//---------------------------------------------------------------------------





//窗体2(两个panel)

//---------------------------------------------------------------------------



#ifndef Unit2H

#defineUnit2H

//---------------------------------------------------------------------------

#include<Classes.hpp>

#include<Controls.hpp>

#include<StdCtrls.hpp>

#include<Forms.hpp>

#include<ExtCtrls.hpp>

//---------------------------------------------------------------------------

classTForm2 :publicTForm

{

__published://IDE-managed Components

TPanelPanel1;

TPanelPanel2;

void__fastcall Panel1MouseDown(TObjectSender, TMouseButton Button,

TShiftState Shift,intX,intY);

void__fastcall Panel2MouseDown(TObjectSender, TMouseButton Button,

TShiftState Shift,intX,intY);

private://User declarations

public://User declarations

__fastcall TForm2(TComponentOwner);

};

//---------------------------------------------------------------------------

externPACKAGE TForm2Form2;

//---------------------------------------------------------------------------

#endif





//---------------------------------------------------------------------------



#include<vcl.h>

#pragmahdrstop



#include"Unit2.h"

//---------------------------------------------------------------------------

#pragmapackage(smart_init)

#pragmaresource ".dfm"

TForm2Form2;

//---------------------------------------------------------------------------

__fastcall TForm2::TForm2(TComponentOwner)

: TForm(Owner)

{

}

//---------------------------------------------------------------------------





void__fastcall TForm2::Panel1MouseDown(TObjectSender,

TMouseButton Button, TShiftState Shift,intX,intY)

{

Panel1->Caption="Down";

}

//---------------------------------------------------------------------------



void__fastcall TForm2::Panel2MouseDown(TObjectSender,

TMouseButton Button, TShiftState Shift,intX,intY)

{

Panel2->Caption="Down";

}

//---------------------------------------------------------------------------

//窗体1(四个按钮)

//---------------------------------------------------------------------------



#ifndef Unit1H

#defineUnit1H

//---------------------------------------------------------------------------

#include<Classes.hpp>

#include<Controls.hpp>

#include<StdCtrls.hpp>

#include<Forms.hpp>



#include"Unit2.h"

//---------------------------------------------------------------------------

classTForm1 :publicTForm

{

__published://IDE-managed Components

TButtonButton1;

TButtonButton2;

TButtonButton3;

TButtonButton4;

void__fastcall Button1Click(TObjectSender);

void__fastcall Button2Click(TObjectSender);

void__fastcall Button3Click(TObjectSender);

void__fastcall Button4Click(TObjectSender);

private://User declarations

public://User declarations

__fastcall TForm1(TComponentOwner);

};

//---------------------------------------------------------------------------

externPACKAGE TForm1Form1;

//---------------------------------------------------------------------------

#endif



//---------------------------------------------------------------------------



#include<vcl.h>

#pragmahdrstop



#include"Unit1.h"



//---------------------------------------------------------------------------

#pragmapackage(smart_init)

#pragmaresource ".dfm"

TForm1Form1;

//---------------------------------------------------------------------------

__fastcall TForm1::TForm1(TComponentOwner)

: TForm(Owner)

{

}

//---------------------------------------------------------------------------



void__fastcall TForm1::Button1Click(TObjectSender)

{

Form2->Perform(WM_CLOSE,0,0);

}

//---------------------------------------------------------------------------



void__fastcall TForm1::Button2Click(TObjectSender)

{

SendMessage(Form2->Handle,WM_CLOSE,0,0);

}

//---------------------------------------------------------------------------



void__fastcall TForm1::Button3Click(TObjectSender)

{

PostMessage(Form2->Handle,WM_CLOSE,0,0);

}

//---------------------------------------------------------------------------



void__fastcall TForm1::Button4Click(TObjectSender)

{

//向窗体Form2的子控件广播WM_LBUTTONDOWN消息

TMessage M;

M.Msg=WM_LBUTTONDOWN;

Form2->Broadcast(&M);

}

//---------------------------------------------------------------------------





//窗体2(两个panel)

//---------------------------------------------------------------------------



#ifndef Unit2H

#defineUnit2H

//---------------------------------------------------------------------------

#include<Classes.hpp>

#include<Controls.hpp>

#include<StdCtrls.hpp>

#include<Forms.hpp>

#include<ExtCtrls.hpp>

//---------------------------------------------------------------------------

classTForm2 :publicTForm

{

__published://IDE-managed Components

TPanelPanel1;

TPanelPanel2;

void__fastcall Panel1MouseDown(TObjectSender, TMouseButton Button,

TShiftState Shift,intX,intY);

void__fastcall Panel2MouseDown(TObjectSender, TMouseButton Button,

TShiftState Shift,intX,intY);

private://User declarations

public://User declarations

__fastcall TForm2(TComponentOwner);

};

//---------------------------------------------------------------------------

externPACKAGE TForm2Form2;

//---------------------------------------------------------------------------

#endif





//---------------------------------------------------------------------------



#include<vcl.h>

#pragmahdrstop



#include"Unit2.h"

//---------------------------------------------------------------------------

#pragmapackage(smart_init)

#pragmaresource ".dfm"

TForm2Form2;

//---------------------------------------------------------------------------

__fastcall TForm2::TForm2(TComponentOwner)

: TForm(Owner)

{

}

//---------------------------------------------------------------------------





void__fastcall TForm2::Panel1MouseDown(TObjectSender,

TMouseButton Button, TShiftState Shift,intX,intY)

{

Panel1->Caption="Down";

}

//---------------------------------------------------------------------------



void__fastcall TForm2::Panel2MouseDown(TObjectSender,

TMouseButton Button, TShiftState Shift,intX,intY)

{

Panel2->Caption="Down";

}

//---------------------------------------------------------------------------


六

若自定义消息想带参数，可用LParam和WParam参数

更多可自定义结构体

LPARAM+WPARAM能放下就放,放不下就传指针. SENDMESSAGE可以传局部变量的指针,POSTMESSAGE只能传 全局/局部静态/堆上的 变量的指针.

如：映射到TMessage结构体中，然后取出

void __fastcall myMessage(TMessage &Msg)

{

int i = Msg.WParam;

}
原文链接: https://www.cnblogs.com/chulia20002001/archive/2011/05/05/2037812.html

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