使用QEMU创建虚拟机

下载安装：

wget http://wiki.qemu-project.org/download/qemu-2.0.0.tar.bz2

tar xjvf qemu-2.0.0.tar.bz2                                  //git clone git://git.qemu-project.org/qemu.gitcd qemu-2.0.0
./configure --enable-kvm --enable-debug --enable-vnc --enable-werror  --target-list="x86_64-softmmu"
make -j8
make install

说明:--enable-kvm：编译KVM模块，使QEMU可以利用KVM来访问硬件提供的虚拟化服务。
--enable-vnc：启用VNC。
--enalbe-werror：编译时，将所有的警告当作错误处理。
--target-list：选择目标机器的架构。默认是将所有的架构都编译，但为了更快的完成编译，指定需要的架构即可。

[root@server-mysql qemu-2.0.0]# ./configure --help

Usage: configure [options]
Options: [defaults in brackets after descriptions]

Standard options:
  --help                   print this message
  --prefix=PREFIX          install in PREFIX [/usr/local]
  --interp-prefix=PREFIX   where to find shared libraries, etc.
                           use %M for cpu name [/usr/gnemul/qemu-%M]
  --target-list=LIST       set target list (default: build everything)
                           Available targets: aarch64-softmmu alpha-softmmu 
                           arm-softmmu cris-softmmu i386-softmmu lm32-softmmu 
                           m68k-softmmu microblazeel-softmmu microblaze-softmmu 
                           mips64el-softmmu mips64-softmmu mipsel-softmmu 
                           mips-softmmu moxie-softmmu or32-softmmu 
                           ppc64-softmmu ppcemb-softmmu ppc-softmmu 
                           s390x-softmmu sh4eb-softmmu sh4-softmmu 
                           sparc64-softmmu sparc-softmmu unicore32-softmmu 
                           x86_64-softmmu xtensaeb-softmmu xtensa-softmmu 
                           aarch64-linux-user alpha-linux-user armeb-linux-user 
                           arm-linux-user cris-linux-user i386-linux-user 
                           m68k-linux-user microblazeel-linux-user 
                           microblaze-linux-user mips64el-linux-user 
                           mips64-linux-user mipsel-linux-user mips-linux-user 
                           mipsn32el-linux-user mipsn32-linux-user 
                           or32-linux-user ppc64abi32-linux-user 
                           ppc64-linux-user ppc-linux-user s390x-linux-user 
                           sh4eb-linux-user sh4-linux-user 
                           sparc32plus-linux-user sparc64-linux-user 
                           sparc-linux-user unicore32-linux-user 
                           x86_64-linux-user

Advanced options (experts only):
  --source-path=PATH       path of source code [/root/qemu-2.0.0]
  --cross-prefix=PREFIX    use PREFIX for compile tools []
  --cc=CC                  use C compiler CC [cc]
  --iasl=IASL              use ACPI compiler IASL [iasl]
  --host-cc=CC             use C compiler CC [cc] for code run at
                           build time
  --cxx=CXX                use C++ compiler CXX [c++]
  --objcc=OBJCC            use Objective-C compiler OBJCC [cc]
  --extra-cflags=CFLAGS    append extra C compiler flags QEMU_CFLAGS
  --extra-ldflags=LDFLAGS  append extra linker flags LDFLAGS
  --make=MAKE              use specified make [make]
  --install=INSTALL        use specified install [install]
  --python=PYTHON          use specified python [python -B]
  --smbd=SMBD              use specified smbd [/usr/sbin/smbd]
  --static                 enable static build [no]
  --mandir=PATH            install man pages in PATH
  --datadir=PATH           install firmware in PATH/qemu
  --docdir=PATH            install documentation in PATH/qemu
  --bindir=PATH            install binaries in PATH
  --libdir=PATH            install libraries in PATH
  --sysconfdir=PATH        install config in PATH/qemu
  --localstatedir=PATH     install local state in PATH (set at runtime on win32)
  --with-confsuffix=SUFFIX suffix for QEMU data inside datadir/libdir/sysconfdir [/qemu]
  --enable-modules         enable modules support
  --enable-debug-tcg       enable TCG debugging
  --disable-debug-tcg      disable TCG debugging (default)
  --enable-debug-info       enable debugging information (default)
  --disable-debug-info      disable debugging information
  --enable-debug           enable common debug build options
  --enable-sparse          enable sparse checker
  --disable-sparse         disable sparse checker (default)
  --disable-strip          disable stripping binaries
  --disable-werror         disable compilation abort on warning
  --disable-stack-protector disable compiler-provided stack protection
  --disable-sdl            disable SDL
  --enable-sdl             enable SDL
  --with-sdlabi            select preferred SDL ABI 1.2 or 2.0
  --disable-gtk            disable gtk UI
  --enable-gtk             enable gtk UI
  --disable-virtfs         disable VirtFS
  --enable-virtfs          enable VirtFS
  --disable-vnc            disable VNC
  --enable-vnc             enable VNC
  --disable-cocoa          disable Cocoa (Mac OS X only)
  --enable-cocoa           enable Cocoa (default on Mac OS X)
  --audio-drv-list=LIST    set audio drivers list:
                           Available drivers: oss alsa sdl esd pa fmod
  --block-drv-whitelist=L  Same as --block-drv-rw-whitelist=L
  --block-drv-rw-whitelist=L
                           set block driver read-write whitelist
                           (affects only QEMU, not qemu-img)
  --block-drv-ro-whitelist=L
                           set block driver read-only whitelist
                           (affects only QEMU, not qemu-img)
  --disable-xen            disable xen backend driver support
  --enable-xen             enable xen backend driver support
  --disable-xen-pci-passthrough
  --enable-xen-pci-passthrough
  --disable-brlapi         disable BrlAPI
  --enable-brlapi          enable BrlAPI
  --disable-vnc-tls        disable TLS encryption for VNC server
  --enable-vnc-tls         enable TLS encryption for VNC server
  --disable-vnc-sasl       disable SASL encryption for VNC server
  --enable-vnc-sasl        enable SASL encryption for VNC server
  --disable-vnc-jpeg       disable JPEG lossy compression for VNC server
  --enable-vnc-jpeg        enable JPEG lossy compression for VNC server
  --disable-vnc-png        disable PNG compression for VNC server (default)
  --enable-vnc-png         enable PNG compression for VNC server
  --disable-vnc-ws         disable Websockets support for VNC server
  --enable-vnc-ws          enable Websockets support for VNC server
  --disable-curses         disable curses output
  --enable-curses          enable curses output
  --disable-curl           disable curl connectivity
  --enable-curl            enable curl connectivity
  --disable-fdt            disable fdt device tree
  --enable-fdt             enable fdt device tree
  --disable-bluez          disable bluez stack connectivity
  --enable-bluez           enable bluez stack connectivity
  --disable-slirp          disable SLIRP userspace network connectivity
  --disable-kvm            disable KVM acceleration support
  --enable-kvm             enable KVM acceleration support
  --disable-rdma           disable RDMA-based migration support
  --enable-rdma            enable RDMA-based migration support
  --enable-tcg-interpreter enable TCG with bytecode interpreter (TCI)
  --enable-system          enable all system emulation targets
  --disable-system         disable all system emulation targets
  --enable-user            enable supported user emulation targets
  --disable-user           disable all user emulation targets
  --enable-linux-user      enable all linux usermode emulation targets
  --disable-linux-user     disable all linux usermode emulation targets
  --enable-bsd-user        enable all BSD usermode emulation targets
  --disable-bsd-user       disable all BSD usermode emulation targets
  --enable-guest-base      enable GUEST_BASE support for usermode
                           emulation targets
  --disable-guest-base     disable GUEST_BASE support
  --enable-pie             build Position Independent Executables
  --disable-pie            do not build Position Independent Executables
  --fmod-lib               path to FMOD library
  --fmod-inc               path to FMOD includes
  --oss-lib                path to OSS library
  --enable-uname-release=R Return R for uname -r in usermode emulation
  --cpu=CPU                Build for host CPU [x86_64]
  --disable-uuid           disable uuid support
  --enable-uuid            enable uuid support
  --disable-vde            disable support for vde network
  --enable-vde             enable support for vde network
  --disable-netmap         disable support for netmap network
  --enable-netmap          enable support for netmap network
  --disable-linux-aio      disable Linux AIO support
  --enable-linux-aio       enable Linux AIO support
  --disable-cap-ng         disable libcap-ng support
  --enable-cap-ng          enable libcap-ng support
  --disable-attr           disables attr and xattr support
  --enable-attr            enable attr and xattr support
  --disable-blobs          disable installing provided firmware blobs
  --enable-docs            enable documentation build
  --disable-docs           disable documentation build
  --disable-vhost-net      disable vhost-net acceleration support
  --enable-vhost-net       enable vhost-net acceleration support
  --enable-trace-backend=B Set trace backend
                           Available backends: nop, stderr, dtrace, simple, ust, ftrace
  --with-trace-file=NAME   Full PATH,NAME of file to store traces
                           Default:trace-<pid>
  --disable-spice          disable spice
  --enable-spice           enable spice
  --enable-rbd             enable building the rados block device (rbd)
  --disable-libiscsi       disable iscsi support
  --enable-libiscsi        enable iscsi support
  --disable-libnfs         disable nfs support
  --enable-libnfs          enable nfs support
  --disable-smartcard-nss  disable smartcard nss support
  --enable-smartcard-nss   enable smartcard nss support
  --disable-libusb         disable libusb (for usb passthrough)
  --enable-libusb          enable libusb (for usb passthrough)
  --disable-usb-redir      disable usb network redirection support
  --enable-usb-redir       enable usb network redirection support
  --enable-lzo             enable the support of lzo compression library
  --enable-snappy          enable the support of snappy compression library
  --disable-guest-agent    disable building of the QEMU Guest Agent
  --enable-guest-agent     enable building of the QEMU Guest Agent
  --with-vss-sdk=SDK-path  enable Windows VSS support in QEMU Guest Agent
  --with-win-sdk=SDK-path  path to Windows Platform SDK (to build VSS .tlb)
  --disable-seccomp        disable seccomp support
  --enable-seccomp         enables seccomp support
  --with-coroutine=BACKEND coroutine backend. Supported options:
                           gthread, ucontext, sigaltstack, windows
  --disable-coroutine-pool disable coroutine freelist (worse performance)
  --enable-coroutine-pool  enable coroutine freelist (better performance)
  --enable-glusterfs       enable GlusterFS backend
  --disable-glusterfs      disable GlusterFS backend
  --enable-gcov            enable test coverage analysis with gcov
  --gcov=GCOV              use specified gcov [gcov]
  --enable-tpm             enable TPM support
  --disable-libssh2        disable ssh block device support
  --enable-libssh2         enable ssh block device support
  --disable-vhdx           disables support for the Microsoft VHDX image format
  --enable-vhdx            enable support for the Microsoft VHDX image format
  --disable-quorum         disable quorum block filter support
  --enable-quorum          enable quorum block filter support

命令行创建及启动虚拟机



1.使用qemu-img创建虚拟机镜像。虚拟机镜像用来模拟虚拟机的硬盘，在启动虚拟机之前需要创建镜像文件。

qemu-img create -f qcow2 fedora.img 1G

fedora.img
-f选项用于指定镜像的格式，qcow2格式是QEMU最常用的镜像格式，采用来写时复制技术来优化性能。fedora.img是镜像文件的名字，10G是镜像文件大小。镜像文件创建完成后，可使用qemu-system-x86来启动x86架构的虚拟机

安装KVM模块.加速虚拟机

检查KVM是否可用：

QEMU使用KVM来提升虚拟机性能，如果不启用KVM会导致性能损失。要使用KVM，首先要检查硬件是否有虚拟化支持：

grep -E 'vmx|svm' /proc/cpuinfo

如果有输出则表示硬件有虚拟化支持。其次要检查kvm模块是否已经加载：

[root@server]lsmod | grep kvm
kvm_intel             142999  0
kvm                   444314  1 kvm_intel
如果kvm_intel/kvm_amd、kvm模块被显示出来，则kvm模块已经加载。最好要确保qemu在编译的时候使能了KVM，即在执行configure脚本的时候加入了–enable-kvm选项。

启动虚拟机安装操作系统

执行下面的命令启动带有cdrom的虚拟机：

[root@server-mysql ~]# qemu-system-x86_64 -m 50 fedora.img -cdrom ./ReactOS-LiveCD.iso-m 指定虚拟机内存大小，默认单位是MB， -enable-kvm使用KVM进行加速，-cdrom添加fedora的安装镜像。可在弹出的窗口中操作虚拟机，安装操作系统，安装完成后重起虚拟机便会从硬盘(fedora.img)启动。之后再启动虚拟机只需要执行：

[root@server-mysql ~]#qemu-system-x86_64 -m 50m fedora.img

图形官理界面:virt-manager

Minimum version requirements of major components:

  python >= 2.7
  gtk3 >= 3.14
  libvirt-python >= 0.6.0
  pygobject3 >= 3.14
  libosinfo >= 0.2.10安装：
python setup.py installhttp://blog.csdn.net/reblue520/article/details/51456848

原文链接: https://www.cnblogs.com/zengkefu/p/5623523.html

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