c++之Linux获取可用串口

1.关于

这份代码来自： stackoverflow

2. 测试

• 2.1 测试环境： vmware + ubuntu, vmware添加串口（虚拟机关机后再添加）
  
• 2.2 测试输出
  

3. 源码

#include <stdlib.h>
#include <dirent.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <termios.h>
#include <sys/ioctl.h>
#include <linux/serial.h>

#include <iostream>
#include <list>

using namespace std;

static string get_driver(const string& tty) {
    struct stat st;
    string devicedir = tty;

    // Append '/device' to the tty-path
    devicedir += "/device";

    // Stat the devicedir and handle it if it is a symlink
    if (lstat(devicedir.c_str(), &st)==0 && S_ISLNK(st.st_mode)) {
        char buffer[1024];
        memset(buffer, 0, sizeof(buffer));

        // Append '/driver' and return basename of the target
        devicedir += "/driver";

        if (readlink(devicedir.c_str(), buffer, sizeof(buffer)) > 0)
            return basename(buffer);
    }
    return "";
}

static void register_comport( list<string>& comList, list<string>& comList8250, const string& dir) {
    // Get the driver the device is using
    string driver = get_driver(dir);

    // Skip devices without a driver
    if (driver.size() > 0) {
        string devfile = string("/dev/") + basename(dir.c_str());

        // Put serial8250-devices in a seperate list
        if (driver == "serial8250") {
            comList8250.push_back(devfile);
        } else
            comList.push_back(devfile); 
    }
}

static void probe_serial8250_comports(list<string>& comList, list<string> comList8250) {
    struct serial_struct serinfo;
    list<string>::iterator it = comList8250.begin();

    // Iterate over all serial8250-devices
    while (it != comList8250.end()) {

        // Try to open the device
        int fd = open((*it).c_str(), O_RDWR | O_NONBLOCK | O_NOCTTY);

        if (fd >= 0) {
            // Get serial_info
            if (ioctl(fd, TIOCGSERIAL, &serinfo)==0) {
                // If device type is no PORT_UNKNOWN we accept the port
                if (serinfo.type != PORT_UNKNOWN)
                    comList.push_back(*it);
            }
            close(fd);
        }
        it ++;
    }
}

list<string> getComList() {
    int n;
    struct dirent **namelist;
    list<string> comList;
    list<string> comList8250;
    const char* sysdir = "/sys/class/tty/";

    // Scan through /sys/class/tty - it contains all tty-devices in the system
    n = scandir(sysdir, &namelist, NULL, NULL);
    if (n < 0)
        perror("scandir");
    else {
        while (n--) {
            if (strcmp(namelist[n]->d_name,"..") && strcmp(namelist[n]->d_name,".")) {

                // Construct full absolute file path
                string devicedir = sysdir;
                devicedir += namelist[n]->d_name;

                // Register the device
                register_comport(comList, comList8250, devicedir);
            }
            free(namelist[n]);
        }
        free(namelist);
    }

    // Only non-serial8250 has been added to comList without any further testing
    // serial8250-devices must be probe to check for validity
    probe_serial8250_comports(comList, comList8250);

    // Return the lsit of detected comports
    return comList;
}


int main() {
    list<string> l = getComList();

    list<string>::iterator it = l.begin();
    while (it != l.end()) {
        cout << *it << endl;
        it++;
    }

    return 0;   
}